Significant risk of contracting or transmitting HIV infection
Source version current through Apr 15, 2022
Later State Register activity may affect this section.
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(a)The three factors necessary to create a significant risk of contracting or transmitting HIV infection are:
(1)the presence of a significant risk body substance;
(2)a circumstance which constitutes significant risk for transmitting or contracting HIV infection; and
(3)the presence of an infectious source and a noninfected person.
(b)Significant risk body substances are blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, tissue and the following body fluids: cerebrospinal, amniotic, peritoneal, synovial, pericardial, and pleural.
(c)Circumstances which constitute “significant risk of transmitting or contracting HIV infection” are:
(1)sexual intercourse (vaginal, anal, oral) which exposes a noninfected individual to blood, semen or vaginal secretions of an infected individual;
(2)sharing of needles and other paraphernalia used for preparing and injecting drugs between infected and noninfected individuals;
(3)the gestation, birthing or breast feeding of an infant when the mother is infected with HIV;
(4)transfusion or transplantation of blood, organs, or other tissues from an infected individual to an uninfected individual, providing such blood, organs or other tissues have not tested negatively for antibody or antigen and have not been rendered noninfective by heat or chemical treatment; and
(5)other circumstances not identified in paragraphs (1)-(4) of this subdivision during which a significant risk body substance (other than breast milk) of an infected individual contacts mucous membranes (e.g., eyes, nose, mouth), nonintact skin (e.g., open wound, skin with a dermatitis condition, abraded areas) or the vascular system of a noninfected person. Such circumstances include, but are not limited to needlestick or puncture wound injuries and direct saturation or permeation of these body surfaces by the infectious body substance.
(d)Circumstances that involve “significant risk” shall not include:
(1)exposure to urine, feces, sputum, nasal secretions, saliva, sweat, tears or vomitus that does not contain blood that is visible to the naked eye;
(2)human bites where there is no direct blood-to-blood, or blood-to-mucous membrane contact;
(3)exposure of intact skin-to-blood or any other body substance; or
(4)occupational settings where individuals use scientifically accepted barrier techniques and preventive practices in circumstances which would otherwise pose a significant risk.